Bu-Xie

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Author Paskanov S.V. Vladivostok 1994

Contents

Translation of Bu-Xie

D.A. Dubrovin gives the value "tonify" for Bu hieroglyph and "sedation" for Xie hieroglyph.

A.M. Ovechkin calls these methods as "stimulation" and "sedation".

V.S. Fadin writes "In modern literature these methods [Bu-Xie] are known as "tonification-oppression", or "agitation-slowdown".

However, the direct translation of these terms means:

Bu
- reinforcement, aid;
Xie
- let out, slacken.

In this article we will use only Bu and Xie terms, which the reader can understand any of the values which we gave to them.

Khalmurad Upur in book "Secrets of Chinese medicine" calls Bu-Xie methods as "agitation-slowdown".

Let us give the more complete enumeration of the meanings of these two hieroglyphs according to the four-volume Chinese-Russian dictionary edited by I.M. Oshanin:

Bu
  1. to patch up, to darn, to repair, to overhaul;
  2. to complete, to fill, to supplement;
  3. to assign (to the post), to fill (vacancy)
  4. to support, to help, to render aid;
  5. to correct (error), to compensate;
  6. addition, additional information;
  7. benefit, benefit, the material prosperity

(5, v.3, p.219)

Xie
  1. to flow, to pour out, to issue, to throw out; to pour, to give to flow, to get down;
  2. to fill, to pour, to pour;
  3. leak, to flow, to be poured out, to be issued, to emerge, to flow, to spill, to flow, to be borne by flow;
  4. to have diarrhea, purgative;
  5. to lose moisture, to be deprived of water, to dry, to be emptied, to be cleaned, to become poor, to be wasted;
  6. liquid, watery, diluted
  7. barren, exhausted, that dried,

(5, v.3, p.485)

Meaning of Bu-Xie categories

European terms "agitation-sedation" imply, first of all, the changes of the state of organs and organism as a whole. By themselves, these terms a self-sufficient for characterizing of system or its parts, and do not require additions. Chinese terms, Bu and Xie always imply grammatical addition; in other words, terms Bu and Xie should be translated as verbs, because actually treatise are always discussed the actions of Bu and Xie relatively to Qi-energy.

In Chinese text some specific expressions are constantly encountered: "to weaken the Humidity of spleen", "to remove the Wind of the liver", "to eliminate the Cold of kidneys" and so on. Actually this indicates: make Xie for spleen Yin (simultaneously make Bu for spleen Yang), make Xie for liver Yang (simultaneously make Bu for liver Yin), make Xie for kidneys Yin (simultaneously make Bu for kidneys Yang).

It should be noted that when it speaks "weaken the Humidity of spleen", means that not the spleen itself suffers from the surplus of humidity (mucus), but that the main function of spleen (in number of five organs-depositories), consists exactly in maintaining of humidity, is begin to dominate above the functions of other organs. This inserts an unbalance into equilibrium of system. In this case the redundancy of Humidity of spleen will suppress the Cold of kidneys, and this means that of this type unbalanced state of cold and heat for the European doctor will indicate the functional disturbances/breakdowns of kidneys. During the treatment European doctor will directly act on nephritic system, but the Chinese doctor will make Xie for the spleen and Bu for the kidneys (moreover precisely Xie first).

Qi Forms

It is known from the theory of traditional Chinese medicine about existence of several forms of Qi. As for the human organism, first of all, it is Qi of Primordial Sky (in other words, ancestral Qi-energy) and Qi of Successive Sky (complex Qi, that is generating by human organism as result of the consumption of food, water and air).

Ancestral Qi 

is obtaining from parents at the moment of conception, and expends it the entire remaining life more or less intensive.

Complex Qi 

is dividing on Feeding Qi [Ying-Qi], which is situated inside the body, and Guarding Qi [Wei-Qi] which is situated on skin surface.

Feeding Qi 

ensures health by means of saturation of all structure organs of human organism with already transformed nutrients.

Guarding Qi 

ensures healthy state of human organism by preventing insertion of external pathogens.

Thereto, there exists Qi energy of environment, which changes behaviors cyclical (by five and six seasons). This is the

Each of these Qi can appear as a cause illness. This happens due two reasons - objective and subjective.

Subjective reason consists in the fact that the persons, who does not note cyclic variations in environment, will conduct the means of life (incorrect nourishment, the incorrect nature of activity, incorrect viewpoint), that finally leads to disease.

Objective reason consists in the fact that each year of the sixty-year-old cycle of JIA-ZI is unfavorable for the specific types of the human organism (total it is counted 25 Yin-Yang types of human organism). If the corresponding person does not undertakes protective actions, then disease to him is guaranteed.

In connection with this, Chinese medicine divide the Qi of environment (independently to dividing on the seasons Qi, to this devoted study of Five transformations - Six Qi energies) on ZHEN-QIi and XIE-QI (XIE in BU-XIE term, is not the same to XIE-QI). Europeans interpreters these terms translate as True Qi and False Qi. Actually this translation is not completely exact. It is more correct to translate term Zhen - as Straight (Right, True Qi), and term Xie-Qi - as Deformated (Distorted Qi).

Read Qi Energy article for more details...

What is straightness-curvature of Qi ?

Straightness is the integrity of Qi energy flow, existence of balance of it component parts. Curvature - it is unbalance of Qi flow, change of ratio of it component parts. The integrity of Qi flow insures the arrival of Qi to it destination. The curvature of Qi flow is tend to dividing of component parts of Qi and their self-dependent interaction with tissue of internal organs. As result Qi is not arrive, or arrive incompletely to destination.

Let us give the translation of small fragment from the treatise of Li Shizen "Bencao gang mu": 


"Li Shizen said: 

The Sky creates. The Soil transforms
As a result the grasses and trees are born.

When solid penetrates the soft, then roots and tubers are formed.
When soft penetrates the solid, the stems and boles are formed. 

Leaves and cups relate to Yang.
Flowers and fruits relate to Yin. 

Therefore among the grasses there are [which possessing the qualities] of trees, and among the trees 
there are [which possessing the qualities] of grasses.
Those which received Qi completely - are food, those which received deformed Qi (bent) - are poisons.

Therefore:

there are 5 elements: [Tree, Fire, Soil, Metal, Water],
there are 5 Qi: [Wind, Heat, Moisture, Aridity, Cold],
there are 5 colors: [blue, red, yellow, white, black],
there are 5 tastes: [sour, bitter, sweet, hot, salty],
there are 5 qualities: [cold, cool, hot, warm, normal],
there are 5 [means] of application: [raising up-lowering down, floating-immersion, tend to medium].</nowiki>

(4, juan 12, p. 80)
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